EMT Basic Practice Test
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Question 1 |
Immediately after the initial assessment of a responsive medical patient, the EMT should:
gather a detailed history. | |
assess the baseline vitals. | |
perform a rapid medical assessment. | |
perform a focused examination. |
Question 1 Explanation:
A conscious patient can be the most valuable resource that EMS has when trying to assess a medical patient. A OPQRS and SAMPLE history should be obtained as soon as possible.
Question 2 |
Which of the following is not a type of distributive shock?
Septic. | |
Obstructive. | |
Neurogenic. | |
Anaphylactic. |
Question 2 Explanation:
Distributive shock results in the unequal distribution of blood throughout the body. Obstructive shock is caused by an actual obstruction blocking the bloods pathway.
Question 3 |
You arrive on the scene of a patient in severe respiratory distress. As an EMT you should probably consider:
calling the hospital. | |
calling for an ALS backup. | |
calling medical direction. | |
calling your supervisor. |
Question 3 Explanation:
As an EMT your scope of practice is limited. ALS crews are trained in advanced interventions and can administer life saving drugs that BLS crews do not have access to. Never be afraid to ask for help.
Question 4 |
You are on the scene of a 14 year old female who is in the beginning stages of labor and asking for your help. Her mom enters the room and tells you that you must leave. You continue treatment of your patient. This is an example of:
battery. | |
assault. | |
minor consent. | |
a tort. |
Question 4 Explanation:
If a minor under the age of 18(or 21 in some states) is pregnant, married, or a member of the military they are considered to be emancipated and fall under minor consent.
Question 5 |
Which of the following actions is not likely to reduce a patient's anxiety during an emergency situation?
Introducing yourself. | |
Position yourself so you are standing over the patient to let them know you are confident in the situation. | |
Speaking slowly and directly to elderly patients. | |
Asking that the radio and TV be turned down so you can better help them. |
Question 5 Explanation:
You should not position yourself over your patient, rather drop down to their level so you are seeing eye to eye. This is a non dominant position that can help reduce anxiety.
Question 6 |
Which type of muscle is responsible for the movement of food through the digestive tract?
Smooth muscle. | |
Abdominal muscle. | |
Cardiac muscle. | |
Voluntary Muscle. |
Question 6 Explanation:
Smooth muscles, also known as involuntary muscles, are responsible for the uncontrollable processes of the body such as moving blood throughout vessels, food through the digestive tract, and bile from the gallbladder.
Question 7 |
The incubation period for tuberculosis is:
2-6 weeks. | |
1-2 weeks. | |
2months-up to a year. | |
1-3 days. |
Question 7 Explanation:
Tuberculosis is a infectious disease that is easily spread through the respiratory secretions including airborne pathogens or direct contact with a patient. The incubation period is generally 2-6 weeks.
Question 8 |
You are on the scene of a 17 year old female who is extremely agitated and slouched over in her seat at a local diner. Her pulse is rapid, regular, and thready and you are unable to gather a history from her. Based on the information given you would suspect:
the patients pulse is a direct reflection of her agitation. | |
the patient is going into cardiac arrest. | |
the patient has a possible head injury. | |
the patient is in shock. |
Question 8 Explanation:
A weak, rapid, and thready pulse is indicative that the patient is in shock. A thready pulses means that not enough blood is being ejected from the left ventricle which may be a result of volume loss or vasodilation as seen in anaphylactic shock.
Question 9 |
You have just delivered a baby who has noted cyanosis to the hands and feet, a pronounced steady cry, a pulse of 98, has flailing arms, and an irregular breathing effort. What is this patients apgar score?
5 | |
7 | |
6 | |
4 |
Question 9 Explanation:
The apgar scale gives newborn patients a score from 0-10. This patient lost a point in 3 categories for the noted cyanosis to the extremities, pulse below 100, and irregular breathing.
Question 10 |
Which of the following statements regarding the use of a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD) is incorrect?
Oxygen flow ceases automatically after inspiration on spontaneously breathing adults. | |
It can be used in children and adults but is contraindicated for infants and newborns. | |
It delivers 100 percent oxygen during ventilation. | |
It can be used by one EMT to deliver ventilations to the patient. |
Question 10 Explanation:
The flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device is only for use in adult patients, not children. It delivers oxygen at high pressure which can lead to gastric distention and the rupture of the patient's lungs.
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